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Solid state chemistry: from the macro to the nano

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Solid state chemistry: from the macro to the nano

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Academic year 2023/2024

Course ID
CHI0155
Teachers
Maria Cristina Paganini (Lecturer)
Valter Maurino (Lecturer)
Giuseppina Cerrato (Lecturer)
Degree course
Materials Science [0208M21]
MaMaself
Year
1st year
Teaching period
First semester
Type
Characterizing, Related or integrative
Credits/Recognition
10
Course disciplinary sector (SSD)
CHIM/01 - analytical chemistry
CHIM/03 - general and inorganic chemistry
Delivery
Class Lecture + Lab Practicals
Language
English
Attendance
Obligatory
Type of examination
Oral + Lab Reports
Prerequisites
Students are supposed to know the basis of matter structure and some basic properties connected to chemical bonds; moreover, some rudiments about crystalline materials (crystallographic planes and Miller index) are recommended. Principles of the general and inorganic chemistry are necessary as well.
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Sommario del corso

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Course objectives

The course aims to present in an exhaustive and in-depth way the problems inherent to the structure and reactivity of inorganic materials and their macroscopic, photoelectrochemical and photophysical properties. In particular, it will be highlighted how it is crucial to know how to identify and interpret the role of various bulk and surface defects in the structure of a material. The possible effects on the structure and reactivity in low-dimensional materials will be highlighted in view of a better knowledge of the macroscopic properties of materials themselves.

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Results of learning outcomes

Students are supposed to:

  • become familiar with the relationship between structure and chemical bond;
  • be able to predict a structure according to the kind of chemical bond (ionic, covalent) that is formed;
  • understand the role of defects in an inorganic material;
  • correlate the photoelectrochemical and photophysical processes that can lead to photocatalytic activity and solar energy harvesting
  • analyze outcoming results from the lab activities and be able to prepare a comprehensive presentation of results
  • To be able to use bibliographic tools to search for references and information useful for understanding the material obtained from experimental activities.
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Program

1. Crystalline structures of inorganic solids. Relationship between ionic radius and crystalline structures

2. Synthesis of solid state inorganic materials (single crystal and polycrystalline materials)

3. Low-dimensional solids

4. Materials for catalysis and photocatalysis; Examples of heterogeneous catalysis (Hydrogenation catalysis - Ammonia synthesis - Asymmetric catalysis - Acid-base catalysis - Oxidation catalysis); Materials for catalysis (Oxides - Sulphides - Supported metals)

5. Bond in inorganic solids, Theory of the crystalline field (Outline)

6. Oxides of transition metals; The band model; Hubbard's model; Insulating oxides; Impurities of transition metals; Magnetic Insulators (Magnetic Sorting of Localized Electrons) Metal oxides (Metal / non-metal transition)

7. Defects and non-stoichiometry; Defects in oxides; Non-stoichiometric compounds

8. Photocatalysis and Photocatalysts; Basic concepts of photochemistry, Photoelectrochemistry of semiconductor oxides; Molecular and Semiconductor Photocatalysis; Application (water and air remediation, green chemistry, solar fuels generation, superhydrophilicity)

9. Bioactive materials (biomaterials) and peroviskites; Historical background on biomaterials; First, second and third generation of biomaterials; Synthetic methods; Characterisation methods (non specifically linked only to biomaterials); Applications; Introduction to perovskites (ABO3 systems); Properties and applications: Synthetic methods .

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Course delivery

64 hours lessons
32 hours lab

Attendance to the lessons is non compulsory. Attendance to the laboratory is always compulsory. Each student should be present at least at the 70% of  lab lessons.

The lessons will be held in presence.

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Learning assessment methods

Exam with evaluation. The students will be invited to prepare a power point presentation on the basis of papers selected by the teachers according to the materials prepared during the laboratory activities. After this presentation a short discussion will follow. The subjects discussed in the lessons will be checked during this discussion. The final grade will be expresses in thirties.

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Support activities

After the lab, meeting with each group will be organized to discuss together with the teachers the experimental results obtained by means of the different techniques, in order to clarify doubts.

Suggested readings and bibliography



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Book
Title:  
Fundamental of materials science and engeneering: an introduction
Year of publication:  
2020
Publisher:  
John Wiley & Sons Inc,
Author:  
William D. Callister, David G. Rethwisch
ISBN  
Required:  
No


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Book
Title:  
Basic solid state chemistry
Year of publication:  
1999
Publisher:  
John Wiley & Sons Inc,
Author:  
Anthony R. West
ISBN  
Required:  
No


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Book
Title:  
Biomaterials, Artificial Organs and Tissue Engineering (1st Edition),
Year of publication:  
2005
Publisher:  
Woodhead Publishing
Author:  
L. Hench & J. Jones
ISBN  
Required:  
No


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Book
Title:  
H. Kisch - Semiconductor Photocatalysis, Wiley
Year of publication:  
2015
Publisher:  
John Wiley & Sons Inc,
Author:  
Horst Kisch
ISBN  
Required:  
No


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Class scheduleV

Lessons: from 03/10/2022 to 03/02/2023

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